Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems, 2026, Vol.29, No.3, pp.305

NONLINEAR PHENOMENA IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS
An Interdisciplinary Journal

2026, Vol.29, No.3, pp.305 - 315

Systematics and the Beam-Induced Backgrounds in Indirect Z' Searches at a Future Muon Collider

D. V. Sinegribov, V. V. Andreev, and I. A. Serenkova

Estimates of the limits on the mass of a heavy Z-boson in the most popular models are obtained for the process μ⁺μ^- → e⁺e^- at the stages of a future muon collider with center-of-mass energies √ s =3, 6 and 10TeV, taking into account systematic uncertainties and backgrounds from muon and antimuon decays in the beams. The estimates are based on a Toy Monte Carlo approach that allows modeling of systematic uncertainties in the integrated luminosity, final-state reconstruction efficiency, and muon and antimuon beam polarizations. The effect of the beam-induced background from muon and antimuon decays is incorporated through a reduction in the final-state reconstruction efficiency. It is found that including systematics and backgrounds reduces the expected limits on the Z-boson mass by 10-13% depending on the model and collider stage, compared to the asymptotic approach that accounts for only statistical uncertainties. Within the benchmark Sequential Standard Model (SSM), it is demonstrated that the indirect sensitivity of the future muon collider stage at ( √ s M_Z43.2TeV) exceeds the direct discovery reach of the future hadron collider FCC-hh at √ s 100TeV (M_Z40TeV).

Key words: muon collider, Z'-bosons, indirect searches, systematic uncertainties, beam-induced backgrounds, toy Monte Carlo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23278753

Full text: Acrobat PDF (1850 KB) Open Access